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Thames Water Ring Main : ウィキペディア英語版 | Thames Water Ring Main
The Thames Water Ring Main (TWRM) (formerly the London Water Ring Main/LWRM) is a major part of London's water supply infrastructure, approximately of mostly concrete pipelines to transfer potable water from water treatment works (WTWs) in the Thames and River Lea catchments for distribution within London.〔 The initial ring was constructed by Thames Water between 1988 and 1993. Two extensions have been constructed, and there are plans for further extensions through to 2025. ==Overview== The average daily flow is approximately 0.3 gigalitres (0.3 × 109 litres), out of a London average day demand of approximately 2.0 gigalitres (2.0 × 109 litres). The main currently comprises a major loop linking the Hampton, Walton, Ashford and Kempton WTWs clustered on the Thames upstream of Teddington Weir to central London by a southern branch via Brixton and northern branch via Kew, and a separate unconnected length from Coppermills WTW to Stoke Newington. The main is well below most water mains, at a depth of to below ground level and approximately to below sea-level. It is connected to water supply zones by some 20 shafts that extend from the main to ground level.
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